Apparatus for extracting tar from coal-gas.



No. 673,l7l. Patented Apr. 30,190l.

F. J. MAYER. APPARATUS FOR EXTRAGTING TAR FROM COAL GAS.

' (Application me; Dec. 20, 1900.)

(No Model.) A 6 Sheets-Sheet I.

m: uunms PETERS ca. mnnxumou wunwcmw. a c.

APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING TAB FROM COAL GAS.

(Application filed Dec 20, 1900.)

N0. 673,!7l. Patented Apr, 30, IBM. F. J. MAYER.

APPARATUS FOR E'XTBACTING TAR FROM COAL GAS.

(Application filed Dec. 20, 1900.] (No Mqdel.) A s Sheets-Sheet 3.

m: warns PETERs co, wove-Limo" WASHMGTQN, a. c

Patented Apia 30, 1am.

No. 673,l7l.

F. J. MAYER. APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING TAR FROM COAL GAS.

(Application filed Dcc 20, 1900.)

o M m. M

6 Sheets (No Model.)

WITNESS E6 Patented Apr. 30, l90l. F. J. MAYER. APPARATUS'FOR EXTRACTINGTAR FROM COAL GAS.

(Applic ationfiled 11m 20, 1900.

6 Sheets-Sheat 5,.

(in Model.)

000000 00000 000000 00000 000000 mmmom 0000000 wwowmmm m V m e s s, 6 m.W

ms scams mans ca, PHOTO-LITHD., WA$NINGTON. o c.

No. 673,l7|. Patented Apr. 30, l90l.-

- F. J. MAYER.

APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING TAR FROM COAL GAS. (Aimlication filed Dec. 20,1900.)

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

THE- ucams PEYERS m, MoYau'ma. vusummou. o. r:

' UNITED STATES- PATENT Fries.

FREDERICK J. MAYER, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTI NGTAR FROM COAL-GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 673,171, dated April30, 1901. Application filed December 20, 1900. serial No. 40,482. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, FREDERICK J. MAYER, of the city of Baltimore, in theState of Maryland, have invented certain Improvements in Apparatus forExtracting Tar from Ooal-Gas and for Strengthening the Ammoniacal LiquorUsed in the Process, of which the following is a specification.

In the description of the said invention which follows reference is madeto the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, and in which lFigure 1 is an exterior elevation of the improved apparatus. Fig.2 is asection of Fig.

1 1, taken on the irregular dotted line A A. Fig.

3 is a plan of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged section of Fig. 2, taken onthe dotted line B B. Fig. 5 is an enlarged section of Fig. 2, taken onthe dotted line C C. Fig. 6 is an enlarged section of Fig. 2, taken onthe dotted line D D. Fig. 7 is an enlarged section of Fig. 1, taken onthe dotted line E E. Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 are enlarged details ofthe apparatus.

Referring now to the drawings, 1 is the lower washer, consisting of theshell 2, having a flange 3 at the top, whereby it is attached to theupper washer, hereinafter described. At the bottom of the shell 2 isanother flange 4, to which is secured the bottom 6, of conical form. I.

7 is a circular plate, a top view of which is shown in Fig. 7, supportedby the flange 9. This plate is formed in segmental sections and has acentral hole 10, through which is inserted from the bottom the dome12,having the flange 13, whereby it is secured to the said plate. The saidplate is provided with perforations 14 and a system of small projections16 on its under side. Extending laterally from the dome 12 are the ducts17, either or both of which may be used for the ingress of the impure ortar-laden gas. These ducts are well shown in Fig. 6.

19 is another plate, situated within the shell 2, supported, like theone 7, by a suitable flange. This second plate, which is imperforate,has a central quadrangular opening 20, in which is seated the perforatedhood 21, covering the dome 12. The lower edge of this hood extendsthrough the plate 19 and is serrated to produce drip-points for apurpose hereinafter described.

"hood 21.

23 23 are manholes, three in number, in the shell 2, covered by theplates 24.

29 29 are sprayers, two of which are shown, situated in the hood 21, andthey are supplied with weak ammoniacal liquor from any convenientsource.

30 is an adjustable overflow-valve of 00111- mon description, wherebythe ammoniacal liquor at the bottom of the lower washer is retained at aproper and uniform height.

32 is the upper washer, which comprises the shell 33, the conical bottom35, having the central nozzle 36 and the perforated annular plate 37,with the projections 39, similar to the plate 7, before described. Thenozzle 36 is covered by the flanged dome 40, which is partiallysupported by the edge of the nozzle, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5. Thisupper washer ,has an overflow-valve 42, similar to the one 30 describedin connection with the lower washe'r 1.

45 is a ribbed annular cover or head for the upper washer, having aflange to support the frictional condenser, which as an entirety isdenoted by 46. The frictional condenser consists of a casin g 47, withan overflow-valve 49, differing somewhat from the ones 30 and 42, beforedescribed, but of common construction.

is the lower head of the casing 47, consisting of a flanged annularplate interposed between the said casing and the upper washer. Aroundthe central aperture 52 in the head 50 and dependent from the same is anannular flange 53, with a serrated edge to produce drip-points similarto those on the edge of the The said head has also an upwardlyprojectingcylindrical extension 54, covered by the bell 56. This bell consists ofa head 57 and a cylindrical body. (See Figs. 10 and 11.) The body isformed of two concentric shells 59 and 60, united at the top by the head57. On the inner surface of each of these shells are fastened the hollowstrips 61, which are closed at the ends by being flattened, and theflattened portion of each, at the bottom, has a hole 62. The shells areprovided with slots 63.

The casing 47 has sprinklers or sprayers 64. (See Figs. 1 and 4.) Thesprinklers 64 throw spray against the exterior surface of the bell 56,as shown particularly in Fig. 4.

7 Within the cylindrical extension 54 isa that of the bell. This sprayeris fed by means of the pipes 68, and the ones 64 derive their supplyfrom the annular chamber 67 in the head 70 of the casing 47 by means ofthe pipes 69, (shown in Figs. 1 and 3,) which are formed so as to trapthe liquor within them. nular chamber, like the sprayer, is suppliedwith weak ammoniacal liquor from any convenient source, and a vessel(not shown) is provided to receive the said liquor as it is dischargedfrom the overflow-valves of the'apparatus. The bell is attached by a rodto the head of a sleeve 71, which slides vertically in a chamber 72,supplied with water to form, with the inner fixed sleeve 73, a liquidseal to prevent escape of gas. I

74 is a cordleading from thehead of the sleeve, 71 over a pulley 76 to acounterbalancing-weight 77, which is guided by a rod 79. (Shownparticularly in Fig. 1.)

80 is the outlet for the gas from the apparatus.

' Supposing the tar-impregnated gas to be entering the apparatus throughone or both of the inlet-ducts 17 and weak ammoniacal liquor underpressure to be passing through the various sprayers or sprinklers andtheoverflow-valves to be adjusted to give the required depth of the saidliquor in the two washers and the frictional condenser, the operation ofthe apparatus is as follows: The gas on entering the dome 12 is forcedto pass down through a body of ammoniacal liquorto below the plate 7,thence upward through the perforations in the said plate, and throughthe said liquor to the interior of the hood 21. In this movement of thegas the larger portion of the tar contained therein is washed out, andthe surfaces of the said plate upon which tar is deposited are cleansedby the downward current of the ammoniacal liquor. In entering the hoodthe gas has to pass through the drip from the points on the lower edgeof the hood, which forms a curtain, and when in the hood it is broughtinto contact with the sprayfrom the sprinklers 29. The gas then escapesfrom the hood by means of the apertures in its crown and passes throughthe nozzle 36 to the second dome 40. It then takes a downward directionthrough the body of liquor in the upper washer and then an 1 upwardcourse through the said liquor and the perforated plate 37 and entersthe cylin-. der 54 of the frictional condenser, passing through a secondcurtain formed by the drip from the points of the flange 53 and alsothrough the spray from the sprinklers 66.

The vertical position of the bell 56 will depend entirely upon thepressure of the gas;

but in all cases it will be somewhat elevated above that in which it isshown in Fig. 2.

The gas in escaping from the cylinder 54 passes over its edge andthrough ,the aper to the outlet 80.

The antures in the portion of the bell which is above the liquid-line inthe condenser and thence From the'foregoing description it will beunderstood that not only is the tar separated from the gas and thesurfaces of the apparatus upon which the tar has been deposited cleansedby the sprays and the downward movement of the ammoniacal liquor, butthe said liquor is strengthened byits contact with the gas, thusincreasing the commercial value of that by-product.

I claim as my invention 1. In a tar-extractor, a washer comprising ashell, a perforated plate supported within the shell having a centralopening, an openbottom dome situated within the central opening havingan inlet for the unwashed gas which inlet is elevated above the saidplate, combined with a second and imperforate plate having in the centerthereof a perforated hood the lower edge of which is serrated andextends below the su pporting-plate, and sprayers within the said hoodadapted to cleanse the inner surface of the same, substantially asspecified.

2. In a tar-extractor, a washer comprising a shell, a perforated platesituated within the shell having a'central aperture therein, anopen-bottom dome supported withinthe said central aperture having aninlet for unwashed gas which inlet is elevated above the said perforatedplate, an imperforate plate situated above the perforated one, having atits center an open-bottom perforated hood, and spraying apparatussituatedwithin the said hood, combined with a second washer comprising abottom with a central nozzle, which is over the first washer, an annularperforated plate situated over the bottom, carrying an open-bottomimperforate dome, a cover or top for the second'washer, and a frictionalcondenser in communication with the second washer, comprising a cylinderand bell, and spraying apparatus whereby the interiors of the saidcylinder and bell, and the exterior surface of the said hell, arecleansed, substantially as specified.

3. In a frictional condenser forming a part of a tar-extractor, thecylinder and bell thereof combined with sprayers which play upon theinner surfaces of the said cylinder and bell, and the exterior surfaceof the bell, substantially as specified.

4. In a frictional condenser forming a part of atar-extractor, thecylinder and bell thereof combined with sprayer situated within thesame, whereby the inner surface of the said cylinder and hell aresubjected to the action of spray and the surfaces thereof cleansed,substantially as specified.

FREDERICK J. MAYER.

Witnesses:

WM. T. HOWARD, ESTEP T. GOTI.

